Showing posts with label Evolution. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Evolution. Show all posts

Nov 3, 2009

Many Muslims Adopting Old-Earth Creationism

Also from The New York Times:

Creationism is growing in the Muslim world, from Turkey to Pakistan to Indonesia, international academics said last month as they gathered here to discuss the topic. But, they said, young-Earth creationists, who believe God created the universe, Earth and life just a few thousand years ago, are rare, if not nonexistent.


This article is a veritable font of knowledge on the subject of Old Earth Creationism and Muslims, but I wonder how many people are shocked that in this modern era of religiosity that such a form of dogma could arise. I'm no more shocked than when seeing mountain people dig rattlesnakes out of pine boxes and kiss them, or people honestly attest to Jesus coming to America to be a prophet to the American Indians.

The article goes on to say more about this phenomenon in the context of Islam:

For many Muslims, even evolution and the notion that life flourished without the intervening hand of Allah is largely compatible with their religion. What many find unacceptable is human evolution, the idea that humans evolved from primitive primates. The Koran states that Allah created Adam, the first man, separately out of clay.

Pervez A. Hoodbhoy, a prominent atomic physicist at Quaid-e-Azam University in Pakistan, said that when he gave lectures covering the sweep of cosmological history from the Big Bang to the evolution of life on Earth, the audience listened without objection to most of it. “Everything is O.K. until the apes stand up,” Dr. Hoodbhoy said.


What we're seeing is not necessarily a dogged denouncement of science as a whole, but only in how science seems to explain the rise of humans out of the ranks of certain other primates.

Oct 1, 2009

'Ardi' Fossil Revealed - Oldest Known Hominid



An international team of researchers has revealed the remains of the oldest known hominid in existence, nicknamed Ardi due to its name (Ardipithecus ramidus).

The details can be found in the Science journal:

Researchers have unveiled the oldest known skeleton of a putative human ancestor--and it is full of surprises. Although the creature, named Ardipithecus ramidus, had a brain and body the size of a chimpanzee, it did not knuckle-walk or swing through the trees like an ape. Instead, "Ardi" walked upright, with a big, stiff foot and short, wide pelvis, researchers report in Science. "We thought Lucy was the find of the century," says paleoanthropologist Andrew Hill of Yale University, referring to the famous 3.2-million-year-old skeleton that revolutionized thinking about human origins. "But in retrospect, it was not."


Scientists urge, though, that we not jump to conclusions. Some, among them David Pilbeam, think the chimpanzee and Ardipithecus ramidus did not evolve in a mutually exclusive manner: "I find it hard to believe that the numerous similarities of chimps and gorillas evolved convergently." We have no evidence that Ardipithecus gave way to Australopithecus, and more tests will have to be done to discover what exactly occurred. But still, this is a HUGE find!

[Ancient Skeleton May Rewrite Earliest Chapter of Human Evolution]
['Ardi,' Oldest Human Ancestor, Unveiled]

Sep 23, 2009

Iguanas of the Galapagos Islands



The Richard Dawkins Foundation YouTube page has been uploading a series of videos featuring Richard Dawkins from around the world, explaining various examples of evidence for evolution. They are quite possibly in an effort to promote his new book, The Greatest Show on Earth, but it could also have been filmed as a result of research for the book itself.

Each video is only 2-3 minutes long and doesn't go into much depth, as far as evolutionary processes go, but the videos are wondrous in that they show species of animals that many of us will not see in our lifetimes.

Sep 21, 2009

Richard Dawkins's Wonderful Show



Tomorrow, September 22, marks the release of (sort of) controversial author Richard Dawkins's new book, The Greatest Show on Earth. The book, unlike his 2006 jeremiad The God Delusion, doesn't rail necessarily against organized religion. He seems to accomplished what he set out to do with that book.

Rather, Dawkins takes on the seemingly unnecessary task of highlighting the scientific evidence for evolution in the natural world. You would think there would be less resistance to these claims than the ones posited in God Delusion, but that's not necessarily the case. It seems as though his travels across the world - especially the U.S. - have made him quite pessimistic about the level of the average person's scientific literacy. A denial of evolution, based mostly on religious claims, is the central problem here. The review on Amazon explains it well:

He explains that all of his previous books have naïvely assumed the fact of evolution, which meant that he never got around to laying out the evidence that it [evolution] is true. This shouldn't be too surprising: science is an edifice of tested assumptions, and just as physicists must assume the truth of gravity before moving on to quantum mechanics, so do biologists depend on the reality of evolution. It's the theory that makes every other theory possible. Yet Dawkins also came to realize that a disturbingly large percentage of the American and British public didn't share his enthusiasm for evolution. In fact, they actively abhorred the idea, since it seemed to contradict the Bible and diminish the role of God. So Dawkins decided to write a book for these history-deniers, in which he would dispassionately demonstrate the truth of evolution beyond sane, informed, intelligent doubt.

Sep 13, 2009

'Creation' Trailer - Watch if you Dare, Americans!



The new movie based on Charles Darwin's life (with Paul Bettany in the title role) is coming to the Toronto Film Festival two weeks before its release in England, and it's looking for a U.S. distributor. There is a controversy brewing, and those who live in the U.S. know exactly what it's about: evolution.

The movie, about Darwin's writing 'On the Origin of Species' and the impact it has on his personal life - is being hyped as 'too controversial' for American audiences, but I wonder how much of that is meant to court distributors. The movie is a drama that will have potential 'Academy' aspirations, so maybe this is all a marketing move. That the movie doesn't have a U.S. distributor yet is disheartening, but it doesn't necessarily mean the movie isn't going to or that the movie is, indeed, too much for American audiences to handle.

Even if the movie is having trouble finding a distributor, it's also a period drama, and period dramas are not wildly successful in America. I'm not saying that releasing a film about Charles Darwin won't have some negative backlash - it could have a lot - but if it were a documentary by Michael Moore or action movie about Darwin by Ron Howard, it probably wouldn't be having the same kind of difficulty that it's having now.

Sep 5, 2009

The Atlas of Creation and Debunking Its Creationist Hypothesis



Though modern scientists have made great strides in helping to understand our natural world and have been extremely successful at it - we do not have an idea of what life would be like without our advanced understanding of ourselves - there has been a serious and concerted effort to discredit the findings of particular branches of science, if those branches of science contradict certain theological edicts.

Perhaps the most contested of all is evolution, which posits that species change over time through natural selection and mutation. I need not go into how and why it is contested. It's pretty obvious how it flies in the face of, er, the Bible.

Scientists, historically, have been adept at the science side of everything, though when it comes to talking about it and doing the PR for science, well, not so much. The documentary Flock of Dodos points out just how seemingly incapable scientists have been at publicly discrediting arguments against scientific findings. Their logic is that the findings should stand for themselves. With the evidence all there, in their opinions, there shouldn't be any need to defend it against evidence-less theories.

Modern Creationist theorists and the people who fund them, on the other hand, are flooding the marketplace of ideas with religious pseudoscience in an attempt to win the "argument" or "controversy" over evolution. No such controversy exists in actual science. It just simply does not. Think of it like this: it's not dissimilar to the recent "Birther" movement, in which people claimed that President Barack Obama was not in fact our president because - they claimed - he was not born in the US. It has been repeatedly debunked by most reputable sources, and yet these people continue to demand to be heard because of their beliefs, however irrational.



One of the most recent attacks on evolution comes in the form of the book The Atlas of Creation. The difference between The Atlas of Creation and other creationist doctrine is that its proprietor, Harun Yahya, is an Old-Earth Creationist, which basically means that he believes the Earth is millions of years old but has gone through no significant changes.

And if you flip through one of the books, you might be surprised at how similar the fossils depicted truly are when set against "examples" of their modern (and unchanged) counterparts. The problem is that, in most cases, the fossils and the modern examples are not even the same genus, let alone the same species, which makes it absolutely ludicrous on more than one level. If you watch the above video (part one of four whole parts), starring neo-atheist Richard Dawkins, you can see him discuss how and why the book is utter nonsense, all with a sense of humor.

Sep 4, 2009

Comparing Chimp and Human DNA



We may be coming a little bit closer to understanding what actually makes humans 'human' by studying certain specific genes in both humans and chimps. Whereas before we had a simple idea that we shared a great number of genetic similarities with chimps, now we may be able to isolate the exact genes that denote our evolutionary change. The Spittoon has a wonderful article about exactly what is being studied:

The new study found several genes that were once silent and nonfunctional in our primate ancestors, and seem to have awakened around the time that humans formed a new evolutionary branch.

Researchers at the University of Dublin compared sections of the human genome with those of chimps and other primates to find active genes that are absent from the chimp genome. They found three human genes, CLLU1, C22orf45 and DNAHI0OS, that were present but inactive in non-human primates.


Mar 3, 2009

Bad Behavior Just a Bad Taste?

Scientific evidence from University of Toronto researchers has found a link between morality and simple emotion, says an article on Psychcentral.com.

Basically, the same muscles in the face that are used to express knowledge of an unpleasant taste are also used when people see things and situations that disgust them, like injuries or Florida Gators fans. Huh. Read the article to get more technical mumbo-jumbo.

Jan 23, 2009

The Failure of Science in Public Schools

According to an article in Discover Magazine, as many as 1 in 8 teach Creationism in the classroom as a scientific alternative to evolution, and an astounding 1 in 6 espouse young Earth theories, which state that the Earth is only 6,000 years old. Sheesh.

Jan 14, 2009

Dec 11, 2008

Where Did Morality Originate?

I've taken a purposeful hiatus from blogging. The final stretch of coursework here at UGA has been stressful, so - like the teeming masses - I had to let go of a few habits I could not afford to keep up.

But now I have something I want to talk about, so I'm back.

Evolution. Now, I have to preface this post by saying that I am not a scientist. I'm a mere observer (and, sometimes, a bad one). But I have become interested in science - evolutionary biology, to be exact - and I'm only in the beginning stages of learning about the principles of EB.

For example, I learned this past weekend that we, in fact, did not evolve from chimpanzees (or any other modern simian) but only share a similar ancestor. In fact, there is another ape (and I will use that term loosely) that is as close a relative to us as the chimp. I. Did. Not. Know. That.

It may sound idiotic that I thought we evolved from chimpanzees. Well, it was. I assumed that, since we share about 98% of our DNA, somehow that translated that in my mind to equating us as evolutionary sons of the similar-looking beings. It is not the case. There was a great genetic divergence about five million years ago, when the first modern-ish hominids began to appear.

But that is all background noise for what interests me today. I've been reading some scientific blogs lately - thankfully written (mostly) in lay terms for idiots like myself - and while perusing a sit today, I found a few facts out that relate to a discussion I had with a couple of friends earlier in the football season. The question is vexing and has stuck in my craw for the last few months.

The question is: if morality did not begin with the proliferation of religion, then where did it come from?

Now, saying that there is an innate morality doesn't make for a good argument. Plus, that's not a satisfying answer. Furthermore, where does that innate morality come from? And so on and so forth.

Well, I have a semi-researched answer to that question, and it has to do with evolution and genetics. Up to this point, the argument has been mostly philosophical. One of the great roadblocks to coming to a conclusion is the question: Where did we get the idea that murder, rape, etc. is not acceptable? A friend of ours argues that, if not for religion (or God, I suppose) we would not possess these supposedly innate tools of society.

However, one of the tenets of the argument is that evolution supports the "survival of the fittest". Most people, including myself until recently, equated the saying with the Business principle context, that survivor = aggressor. Philosophically, it makes sense. The big guy at the end of the bar, with no sense of moral responsibility, clobbers everybody with his pistol. Thus, he ends up with the girl (albeit by raping her, but still).

But that's not necessarily how natural selection works. Look around at all of the emo kids in your town. Not aggro. Empirical evidence, in that respects, disproves the philosophical underpinning of that theory. In the words of Michael Le Page, "On the contrary, it can mean anything from the best camouflaged or the most fecund to the cleverest or the most cooperative. Forget Rambo, think Einstein or Gandhi."

So, with that thought in mind, I'd like to move to genetic dispersal. I argue that the dispersal of morality occurred over millions of years through the copulation of less aggressive people. Dispositions can be passed down through genetics, and the fittest can mean just about anything, in that context. Over time, people who shared these beliefs became dominant. In that respect, I think the gradual climb to cognitive, "innate" morality is fairly shallow.

In the "where does it come from" question, that's the best answer I can come up with. I don't think morality appeared. Just like the eye and toenail and anger, it evolved. I think. But that's just my hypothesis.

Oct 27, 2008

Me In Fifth Grade

Oct 7, 2008

African Cichlids in the Act of Evolution


Perhaps for the first time ever, scientists have discovered a species actively evolving due to negative environmental effects. African cichlids in Lake Victoria in the Mwanza Gulf area of Africa are diverging into two different varieties almost right before our eyes, and the overt cause is over-fishing and pollution of the lake itself.

I'm amazed that we're able to find these sorts of things and be able to recognize them so easily. Like, oh, yeah, well here, obviously this fish is transforming right before our eyes. It's really something. It may be a small occurrence to many of you out there, but think of the poor bastard who's spent his entire life studying the Pundamilia nyererei. This is his fucking Woodstock, man. He's been swimming around in Lake Victoria, checking out these nuclear fish, wondering if something's gonna happen. And then bam! here it is. Evolution on a small scale.